Nanomedicine Application to Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes TreatmentNanomedicine Application to Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes TreatmentUnluckily, Alzheimer’s and diabetes are commonly spread diseases among aging people. Alarming rates of these conditions have drawn considerable attention lately, leading to immense global public health concerns. A chain of studies has established the interconnection between AD and T2D. Currently, both conditions miss accurate diagnostic methods for premature interference and efficient therapy. Despite Alzheimer’s disease treatment and diabetes treatment providing multiple drug usage, none ensure complete remission, just relieve symptoms.
So that is why medicine has to go beyond traditional practices, and nanotechnology is the solution. Nanomedicine opens fresh, compelling opportunities to diagnose chronic conditions at early stages, develop new drug intake approaches, and profoundly explore the general biology of both diseases. So in this article, we cover how nanomedicines facilitate treatment for chronic diseases, namely AD and T2D.
What Is Nanotechnology in Medicine?
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In the broadest sense, nanotechnology implies matter manipulation on atomic and molecular levels. When it comes to medicine, specialists use nanotechnologies during medical diagnostics by utilizing exceptional nanomaterials properties. That way, medical scientists develop drugs, analyzing the merger of nanomaterials with biological molecules. So this puts the way how advanced treatment is born.
The Link between AD and T2D
The latest epidemiological data confirmed the strong connection between aging diseases such as Alzheimer’s and diabetes. According to it, diabetes, particularly T2D, relates to impaired cognitive functioning, which in turn causes AD.
T2D typical symptoms are hyperglycemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and others. So the ‘union’ of the given factors frames so-called metabolic syndrome resulting in accelerated cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and AD progress. That’s why in early T2D stages, it is worth resorting to accurate molecular-level diagnostic. And as we know, nanotechnology will do its best in this case. This diagnostic strategy will undoubtedly give fruitful outcomes in detecting various risk diabetic factors and, as a result, protect from further Alzheimer’s and connected diseases.
Nanomedicine for AD Treatment
Modern medications for Alzheimer’s disease treatment offer symptomatic decrease throughout all the condition stages, but they can’t prevent the full stop of this neurodegenerative disorder progression. That’s why only the nanotechnological approach might make drug delivery hit the mark.
Unlike the standard AD pills, polymeric nanoparticles of nanomedicines can open tight junctions and cross the blood-brain barrier. Thus, they possess incredibly drug-loading capacities targeted at Alzheimer’s mutagenic proteins. Plus, nanoparticles may boost the delivery process or absorb by aim cells and/or lower the free drug toxicity to non-targets organs. Therefore, such medicines intake cannot but be of a high-level efficiency for other chronic diseases treatment besides AD.
Nanomedicine for Type 2 Diabetes Treatment
The primary substance to fight diabetes, including T2D, forms insulin. The concept of new treatments involves nanoparticle usage across insulin delivery to minimize the insulin half-life by direct injection into the bloodstream.
With these methods, insulin molecules come encapsulated inside nanoparticles as a dry powder. So the patient may trouble-free receive the requisite dose by inhalation into the lungs. Interestingly, applied nanoparticles are sufficiently tiny to go through the lungs undisturbed. It means insulin molecules get straight into the bloodstream without being degraded.
One more way of nanotechnological T2D treatment belongs to intestinal insulin delivery. Recent surveys show that patients undergoing this therapy had substantially reduced glucose levels in the blood, and the effect lasted 48 hours. That is much more impressive compared to the usual insulin solution cure.
